Combating corruption is the duty of every citizen
Corruption as a social phenomenon continues to exist today in practically all countries of the world regardless of political development, including Kazakhstan, differing only in scale. Corruption hinders the process of socio-economic development, the building of a market economy, and the attraction of investment. It has a negative impact on the political and public institutions of a democratic state and poses a serious threat to the country's future development. Combating corruption has been identified as one of the main priorities of state policy in Kazakhstan.
In order to foster an anti-corruption worldview among students, the university operates the "Clean Session" headquarters on a permanent basis. The main idea behind the headquarters' activity is to hold meetings with young people and to explain anti-corruption legislation, the concept of corruption, the improvement of anti-corruption measures, the establishment of legality and anti-corruption discipline among students, and education in the spirit of countering corruption-related phenomena.
We would like to believe that the knowledge acquired by young people will help them avoid encountering any manifestations of corruption in their lives.
Youth against corruption!
The future belongs to the young generation!
Terminology
The term Corruption comes from the Latin word "corrumpere", which in meaning denotes "destruction of the body of the state, of social relations", as well as the meaning of the term "bribery" - a term usually denoting an official's use of their authority and entrusted rights for the purpose of personal gain, through deception, extortion, red tape, contrary to legislation and moral norms. The term is most often applied to the bureaucratic apparatus and the political elite. The corresponding term usually has a broader semantics, arising from the primary meaning of the original Latin word, as well as unethical behavior.
The President of Kazakhstan, speaking about the fight against corruption, has repeatedly emphasized that corruption cannot be defeated without the participation of society.
You, the youth, possess the knowledge needed to solve universal problems, including corruption. You have a legitimate interest in fighting corruption. In most cases, two main actors are involved in corruption in society - the government and the private sector. As a rule, citizens turn out to be the main victim of corruption. The ability of the public, including our youth, to monitor, detect and curb the corrupt activities of government officials increases through the study of local issues. Combating corruption requires systematic efforts from all segments of society.
Classification of corruption
Закон Республики Казахстан «О противодействии коррупции» от 18 ноября 2015 года № 410-V (статья 1, подпункт 6) определяет коррупцию как «незаконное использование лицами, занимающими ответственную государственную должность, лицами, уполномоченными на выполнение государственных функций, лицами, приравненными к лицам, уполномоченным на выполнение государственных функций, должностными лицами, должностными лицами иностранного государства или международной организации своих должностных (служебных) полномочий и связанных с ними возможностей в целях получения или извлечения лично или через посредников имущественных (неимущественных) благ и преимуществ для себя либо третьих лиц, а равно подкуп данных лиц путем предоставления благ и преимуществ».
The international legal definition of corruption used in UN documents is as follows: corruption is
abuse of state power to obtain benefits for personal gain, in the interests of third parties and groups.
To put it in simpler terms, corruption is the use of one's official position for personal gain. One of the manifestations of corruption is bribery.
What is a bribe? It is the receipt by an official from another person of money or other benefits in exchange for which the official will provide some service related to the position they hold. Moreover, this money and these benefits are not always received by the bribe-taker personally; they may often be provided to people close to them or to front organizations. A bribe may take the form of:
Items include money, including currency, bank checks and securities, articles made of precious metals and stones, automobiles, apartments, dachas and country houses, food products, household appliances and devices, other goods, land plots, and other real estate.
Services and benefits - treatment, repair and construction work, sanatorium and tourist vouchers, trips abroad, payment for entertainment and other expenses free of charge or at a reduced cost
Why is corruption so dangerous?
Many people regard giving bribes and corruption as a useful or, at any rate, harmless phenomenon for themselves:
- "What's so bad about it? Well, I paid more, but I passed the vehicle inspection without any problems and even saved time."
- "He bought a diploma and got his son a prestigious job." Who does this harm?".
Ultimately, this is not only "bad" but also dangerous for everyone, because the rule of law, if it is unjust, can break any person and lead to depression and alienation.
Let's try to figure it out. We all pay various taxes. However, by giving a certain part of our income to the state, we expect that it ensures the provision of social services: free education, healthcare, infrastructure development, and security.
What happens when the distribution of public funds is carried out through a corruption scheme?
Example: A government body concludes a contract for
construction or repair of a hospital. During the contract award process, an individual civil servant takes a bribe so that the contract goes to a firm whose representatives have entered into a "trusting relationship" with him. However, because of the costs of the kickback, no firm will work at a loss. Therefore, such a firm, having received the "go-ahead," will reduce the quality of the work and the materials used, while also raising their cost. In the end, the whole of society suffers.
It should not be forgotten that corruption not only harms society but also does not guarantee results! After all, in a corruption scheme the one who can give more wins. But what is frightening is that engaging in corrupt activity inevitably brings harm to the conscience of the person and their loved ones, and a distortion of their worldview.
The relevance of combating this socially dangerous phenomenon is driven by a number of circumstances
corruption leads to serious violations of the constitutional rights and freedoms of citizens;
the perpetrators of corruption crimes, as a rule, hold a high social position;
sophisticated, intellectual methods of commission; this phenomenon adapts to various conditions, continuously transforming and improving itself;
the enormous material and moral damage caused by this act;
exceptional latency — there are no complete data, or even representative evidence about this phenomenon, even fewer perpetrators appearing before a criminal court, and only a few of them are given an actual criminal punishment;
corruption is not only covert but also consensual in nature; it generally does not give rise to complaints, since the guilty parties receive mutual benefit from the illegal transaction;
corrupt acts are usually committed within complex, specific, and confidential types of government activity, where it is difficult for a non-professional to make sense of things;
corruption seriously discredits the state apparatus and undermines its authority;
the said phenomenon is rapidly spreading within state authority structures;
in essence, all legally protected public relations can become the object of the criminal activity of corrupt officials.
The above list is not exhaustive, but even it testifies to the fact that right now there is an acute need both for developing theoretical provisions and for everyday, practical work in combating corruption. But before calling for resistance to any negative phenomenon, the latter must be clearly and specifically defined, and its causes and the mechanism of this evil must be understood.
Can corruption be resisted?
In the modern world, work to strengthen the fight against corruption is conducted continuously and is constantly being improved. There is no unique set of anti-corruption mechanisms in the world that is optimal for all countries. The specifics of the sets of anti-corruption methods adopted by each country are unique and depend not only on political and economic stability, but also on customs and traditions, religious characteristics, and the level of legal culture, as well as on the area of territory occupied, the density, and the size of the population.
If you have encountered manifestations of corruption or offenses that create conditions for corruption:
To report facts of corruption and other offenses, please call:
+7 775 901 4301
or office No. 217